Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, and Medicines
Pregnancy and breastfeeding can change how medicines are used. Some medications are safe and commonly prescribed, while others may need adjustment, avoidance, or specialist input.
This page explains how GPs assess medication safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and why advice may differ from routine prescribing decisions.
These articles are intended as educational sources, not diagnostic nor taking place of a proper medical assessment. If you need help, please book an appointment with one of our GP’s.
Why medication advice changes in pregnancy
During pregnancy, medicines may affect both the mother and the developing baby. The stage of pregnancy, the type of medicine, and the dose all influence risk.
Many medicines are safe in pregnancy. Others may carry potential risks, particularly in early pregnancy. For this reason, prescribing decisions are made carefully and are based on current clinical guidance.
Avoiding necessary treatment can also carry risk, so decisions involve balancing benefit and safety.
Breastfeeding and medication safety
Many medicines are compatible with breastfeeding, but some can pass into breast milk in small amounts. Whether this is significant depends on the medication, the dose, and the age of the baby.
In most cases, safe alternatives are available if a particular medicine is not recommended during breastfeeding.
Planning pregnancy while taking medication
If you are planning a pregnancy and take regular medication, it is advisable to seek review before conception where possible.
Some medicines may need adjustment in advance. Others can be continued safely. Early discussion allows time to optimise treatment and reduce risk.
Unplanned pregnancy while on medication
If you discover you are pregnant while taking medication, do not stop treatment abruptly unless advised. Suddenly stopping some medicines can cause harm.
A GP can assess:
- the medication involved
- the stage of pregnancy
- potential risks
- appropriate next steps
In many cases, reassurance and review are all that is required.
Over-the-counter medicines and supplements
Non-prescription medicines and herbal supplements should also be reviewed during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Some common treatments for pain, cold symptoms, or digestion may not be recommended at certain stages.
It is important to inform your GP about any over-the-counter or complementary products you are using.
Long-term conditions and pregnancy
If you have a long-term condition such as asthma, epilepsy, diabetes, or thyroid disease, medication is often essential for maternal and fetal health.
Stopping treatment without advice may increase risk. GPs and specialists work together to ensure treatment remains both effective and safe during pregnancy.
When to contact a GP
You should consider contacting a GP if:
- you are pregnant and unsure about a medication
- you are planning pregnancy and take regular treatment
- you discover you are pregnant while on medication
- you are breastfeeding and have concerns about safety
- you are unsure whether an over-the-counter medicine is appropriate
If you experience severe symptoms or complications during pregnancy, seek urgent or emergency care.
Further Reading and Hub Links
Visit our Medication and Prescribing hub or browse more health topics in the AccessGP Knowledge Base.
If you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning pregnancy and have questions about medication, a GP can help guide you on the safest next step.
Last reviewed by Dr Zamiel Hussain, GMC registered GP
Updated: 11 February 2026