High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

High blood pressure is one of the most common issues discussed in GP appointments. It often causes no symptoms, and many people only become aware of it through routine checks or home monitoring. This article explains what hypertension means, why it matters and how GPs usually assess and support patients with raised readings.

These articles are intended as educational sources, not diagnostic nor taking place of a proper medical assessment. If you need help, please book an appointment with one of our GP’s.

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What High Blood Pressure Is

Blood pressure refers to the force of blood against the artery walls. Hypertension means this pressure is consistently higher than recommended levels. Over time, raised readings may increase the risk of cardiovascular conditions, which is why regular monitoring and review are important in primary care.

Common Symptoms or Features

High blood pressure rarely causes noticeable symptoms. Most adults with hypertension feel completely well. Occasionally, people report:

headaches
feeling more aware of their heartbeat
mild dizziness
tiredness

These symptoms are non-specific and do not reliably indicate blood pressure levels.

Typical Reasons Adults Seek GP Advice

You may wish to speak to a GP about your blood pressure if you have:

several home readings on the higher side
concerns after a pharmacy blood pressure check
a family history of heart disease or stroke
lifestyle factors that may be contributing to raised readings
questions about medication, monitoring or long-term risk

A GP can help interpret readings, review any contributing factors and discuss next steps.

Understanding Common Blood Pressure Patterns

White-coat readings

Some people have higher readings in clinical settings but normal readings at home. Home monitoring is often more reliable in these cases.

Consistently raised readings

If repeated measurements over several days are high, a GP may suggest lifestyle adjustments, blood tests or medication.

Fluctuating readings

Blood pressure naturally varies during the day. Sleep, stress, caffeine and activity can influence results.

Types of Blood Pressure Medication

Several groups of medicines may be used to help manage high blood pressure. The choice depends on age, medical history and any other health conditions. A GP or prescribing clinician will decide which option is most suitable.

These medicine groups are described for general information only. They are not recommendations for starting, stopping or changing treatment. Blood pressure medication must always be prescribed and reviewed by a qualified clinician who can assess your individual health, other conditions and any potential interactions.

ACE inhibitors

Examples include ramipril and lisinopril. These medicines relax blood vessels and are often used as a first-line treatment for many adults.

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Such as candesartan or losartan. These work in a similar way to ACE inhibitors and may be used if ACE inhibitors are not well tolerated.

Calcium channel blockers

Medicines like amlodipine help relax blood vessel walls and improve blood flow. They are commonly used in adults over 55.

Thiazide-type diuretics

Examples include indapamide and bendroflumethiazide. These help the body remove excess fluid and can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.

Beta blockers

Sometimes used when high blood pressure is linked with palpitations or certain heart conditions. Examples include bisoprolol or atenolol.

Combination treatments

Many people take more than one type of medication to control blood pressure. A GP may adjust treatment over time depending on symptoms, home readings and any side effects.

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How GPs Assess High Blood Pressure

GPs consider:

the pattern of readings over several days
morning vs evening variation
lifestyle factors such as sleep, salt intake, alcohol, stress and activity
medications that may influence readings
kidney function, HbA1c and cholesterol profiles
family history of cardiovascular disease

Ambulatory or home monitoring may be recommended to confirm a diagnosis.

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How Hypertension Is Managed

Management depends on your reading patterns, age, medical history and cardiovascular risk profile. Treatment options may include:

lifestyle changes (salt reduction, activity, weight management, sleep, reducing alcohol)
reviewing medications that may affect blood pressure
starting or adjusting blood pressure treatment if appropriate
follow-up of readings over time to assess response

GPs aim to support long-term cardiovascular health rather than relying on single results.