Imaging: GP Reviewed Information
Imaging and scans are commonly used in primary care to assess symptoms, investigate concerns and provide clarity about what may be happening inside the body. This section of the AccessGP Knowledge Base explains key imaging options often requested during private GP consultations, what they show and how results are usually interpreted.
What this imaging section covers
This section includes GP reviewed summaries of common imaging tests used in everyday clinical practice. These articles describe what each scan is designed to assess, how it is used in primary care and how a GP may decide whether imaging is appropriate.
The topics include:
- ultrasound scans
- X-ray
- MRI scans
- CT scans
- DEXA bone density scanning
- abdominal imaging
- pelvic imaging
- musculoskeletal imaging (shoulder, knee, back, joint scans)
Each article provides clear, non diagnostic information based on current clinical understanding.
Common reasons adults have imaging tests
People may be advised to consider imaging when experiencing symptoms such as persistent pain, swelling, chest symptoms, abdominal discomfort or unexplained findings on examination.
Imaging tests can support:
- musculoskeletal pain assessment (back, shoulder, knee or joint pain)
- abdominal symptoms (bloating, pain, digestive concerns)
- suspected gallstones or liver issues
- suspected urinary or kidney concerns
- chest symptoms requiring X-ray or more in-depth scans
- soft tissue or tendon injuries
- headaches, neurological symptoms or dizziness
- bone density assessment (DEXA)
- general health reviews or screening decisions in private GP care
A private GP selects the most appropriate imaging based on your symptoms, medical history and clinical need.
Types of imaging tests explained in this section
Below is an overview of the main imaging categories covered.
Each has a dedicated article for more detail.
Ultrasound scans (US)
Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of soft tissues and organs. It is commonly used for abdominal, pelvic, thyroid, musculoskeletal and vascular assessments. Ultrasound provides quick, radiation-free imaging and is often a first-line test in GP practice.
X-ray
X-rays use low-dose radiation to assess bones, joints and certain chest or abdominal concerns. They are useful for suspected fractures, arthritis, chest infections or structural issues. Results are interpreted alongside symptoms and examination findings.
MRI scan
MRI uses magnetic fields to produce detailed images of soft tissue, joints, the spine and neurological structures. MRI is often arranged for persistent back pain, neurological symptoms, joint injuries or unexplained soft tissue problems. It provides high-resolution detail without radiation.
CT scan
CT uses a rotating X-ray beam to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It may be used for complex abdominal symptoms, chest concerns, kidney issues or where quick, detailed imaging is required. CT involves radiation and is selected based on clinical appropriateness.
DEXA (bone density scan)
DEXA measures bone mineral density and is used to assess osteoporosis risk, particularly in adults with risk factors, family history or previous fractures. Results provide a T-score and Z-score used in primary care decision making.
Areas commonly scanned
Abdominal imaging
Abdominal ultrasound or CT may be selected to investigate symptoms such as pain, bloating, digestive changes, suspected gallstones, liver concerns or kidney issues. The choice of imaging depends on the suspected underlying cause.
Pelvic imaging
Pelvic ultrasound or CT scans can help assess symptoms such as bloating, discomfort, irregular bleeding, suspected ovarian cysts or other gynaecological concerns. It is often used as a first step before more advanced imaging.
Musculoskeletal imaging
Ultrasound, X-ray or MRI may be used to investigate joint pain, tendon injuries, soft tissue swelling or persistent musculoskeletal symptoms. Imaging supports diagnosis alongside examination and clinical history.
How a GP uses imaging in practice
Imaging results are interpreted alongside symptoms, medical history, examination findings and any relevant blood tests. Results may support reassurance, guide further testing or help plan appropriate treatment. Normal findings can be used to rule out certain concerns, while abnormal results often require review, follow-up or referral depending on severity and context.
Linking imaging to wider health checks
Imaging tests may form part of broader health assessments, particularly when exploring persistent symptoms or reviewing long-term conditions. In private GP care, imaging is selected based on clinical need to avoid unnecessary radiation or over-investigation while still supporting accurate, patient-centred decision making.
When to book a GP appointment about imaging
Consider a GP consultation if:
- you are unsure which imaging test is appropriate
- you have persistent or unclear symptoms
- you received imaging results you do not fully understand
- you want a tailored private health assessment
- you need follow-up of abnormal or borderline results
- you want help navigating ultrasound, X-ray, CT or MRI options
A private GP can review your concerns and help plan next steps.
If you would like to discuss imaging, review existing results or explore whether a scan is appropriate, you can book an online GP appointment with AccessGP.
Last reviewed by Dr Zamiel Hussain, GMC registered GP
Updated: 7 December 2025